0 Isingeniso
Enqubweni yokwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda kanye nokumbiwa kwezimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba, kuyadingeka ukumbiwa kwemithombo eminingi kanye nemigwaqo ukuze kwakhiwe uhlelo lokuthuthukisa kanye nokwenza izimayini, ukusika, nokuvuselela. Lapho kumbiwa ama-shafts, ukuze kuncishiswe futhi kukhishwe uthuli lwensimbi olukhiqizwe phakathi nenqubo yokumba kanye nomoya ongcolile njengentuthu yesibhamu ekhiqizwe ngemva kokuqhuma, ukudala izimo zezulu ezinhle zezimayini, nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha nempilo yabasebenzi, ukungenisa umoya okuqhubekayo kwendawo yobuso bokushayela kuyadingeka. Ukusetshenziswa kokungenisa umoya wendawo ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lomoya lobuso obusebenzayo kuvame kakhulu. Ngokuvamile isimo sokungenisa umoya somgwaqo onekhanda elilodwa sibi kakhulu, futhi inkinga yokukhipha umoya ayizange ixazululwe kahle. Ngokolwazi lwasezimayini oluthuthukisiwe lwangaphandle, okubalulekile ukuthi ipayipi lokungenisa umoya eliphakathi nendawo liyasetshenziswa yini endaweni yokukhipha umoya yasendaweni, futhi isihluthulelo sokuthi ingabe imigudu efanele yokungenisa umoya ingasetshenziswa incike kusayizi wesigaba esiphambanayo somgwaqo onekhanda elilodwa. Kuleli phepha, ifomula yokubala yobubanzi bomgudu wokungenisa umoya wezomnotho itholakala ngocwaningo. Isibonelo, ubuso obuningi obusebenzayo bemayini ye-lead-zinc ye-Fankou basebenzisa imishini emikhulu nemishini kadizili, futhi indawo ephambanayo yomgwaqo inkulu.
Ngokusho kwezincwadi ezifanele zokungena komoya ezimayini, izimiso ezijwayelekile zokukhetha ububanzi bamapayipi okungenisa umoya ezimayini endawo yilena: Lapho ibanga lokuhlinzeka komoya lingaphakathi kwama-200m futhi umthamo wokuhambisa komoya ungeqi ku-2-3m.3/s, ububanzi bomgudu wokungenisa umoya wezimayini kufanele bube ngu-300-400mm; Lapho ibanga lokuphakelwa komoya lingama-200-500m, ububanzi bomzila wokungenisa umoya osetshenziswa emayini bungama-400-500mm; Lapho ibanga lokuhambisa umoya lingama-500-1000m, ububanzi bebanga lokungenisa umoya emayini elisetshenzisiwe lingaphezu kuka-500 mm. 1000m, ububanzi bomgudu wokungenisa umoya wemayini kufanele bube ngu-600-800mm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi abaningi bamapayipi okungenisa umoya ezimayini bacacisa imikhiqizo yabo kulolu hlu. Ngakho-ke, ububanzi bokudonsa umoya wezimayini osetshenziswa ezimayini zensimbi nezingezona ezensimbi ezingaphansi komhlaba e-China ngokuyisisekelo sebuphakathi kuka-300-600mm isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ezimayini zakwamanye amazwe, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemishini emikhulu, indawo ephambanayo yomgwaqo inkulu, futhi ububanzi bemigudu yokungenisa umoya yezimayini yasendaweni ngokuvamile iba nkulu, eminye ifinyelela ku-1500 mm, kanti ububanzi bemigudu yokungenisa umoya yezimayini yegatsha ngokuvamile bungaphezu kuka-600 mm.
Kuleli phepha, ifomula yokubala yobubanzi bomgudu wokungenisa umoya wezimayini wezomnotho icutshungulwa ngaphansi kwezimo zezomnotho ezincane zezindleko zokuthengwa kwemigudu yokukhipha umoya yezimayini, ukusetshenziswa kukagesi kokungena komoya wendawo ngepayipi lemayini, kanye nokufakwa nokugcinwa kwansuku zonke kwemigudu yemigodi yezimayini. Ukungenisa komoya kwasendaweni okunobubanzi bepayipi lokungenisa umoya ukonga kungafinyelela umphumela ongcono wokungenisa umoya.
Kuzoqhutshwa…
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-07-2022
